Faster-than-assumed network paths

Brass and Aarne list dark fibre and other private high-speed interconnects as ways to lower measured delays artificially. They judge that leasing dark fibre would probably not be a considerable challenge for covertly or openly adversarial actors ¹. Avellar and Grunewald note that this can make a chip appear to be somewhere else entirely ⁴. A limit set at the vacuum speed of light cannot be beaten, but it makes honest chips fail more often ¹.