Source · Tier A · Peer-reviewed

zkGPT: An Efficient Non-interactive Zero-knowledge Proof Framework for LLM Inference

W. Qu, Y. Sun, X. Liu, T. Lu, Y. Guo, K. Chen, J. Zhang. 2025. 34th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 25), pp. 2045–2063.

Originalhttps://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity25/presentation/qu-zkgpt
VersionProceedings paper read from the USENIX PDF (usenixsecurity25-qu-zkgpt.pdf). Code archived on Zenodo, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.14727819 (v1, 23 January 2025, CC BY 4.0).
Accessed2026-09-25
NoteNational University of Singapore and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Proves GPT-2 inference with GKR, Lasso lookups and Hyrax commitments, made non-interactive with Fiat–Shamir; Table 3 reports 21.8 s proving (32 threads), 0.35 s verification and a 101 KB proof on a 16-core Xeon server with 200 GB of memory.

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