Mechanism · Proofs of useful work for capacity accounting

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  1. BI. Komargodski & O. Weinstein (2025). Proofs of Useful Work from Arbitrary Matrix Multiplication. arXiv. Source recordSupports: PoUW construction for arbitrary matrix multiplication; miners choose the matrices; overhead; assumptions; open problems · abstract; §2; Remarks 2.1–2.2; §3; §5; §6.5 (ePrint numbering)
  2. BPearl Research Team (2026). Pearl Floating Point Scheme Specification. Pearl Research Labs. Source recordSupports: Pearl FP8 protocol, verifier, known mining speedups, assumption (provider-reported) · abstract; §2; §4; §5; §6; §7; App. B
  3. BPearl Research Labs (2026). Pearl INT Whitepaper. Pearl Research Labs. Source recordSupports: Pearl INT scheme, benchmark and launch statement (provider-reported) · §3; §4.7; §7 Table 1
  4. BPearl Research Labs (2026). pearl: Monorepo for the Pearl network. GitHub. Source recordSupports: public Pearl network code · README; release v1.2.1
  5. BA. Basu (2026). The Usefulness Gap in Proof-of-Useful-Work: An Empirical Study of Pearl's cuPOW Protocol. arXiv. Source recordSupports: independent measurement of Pearl's mainnet: random-matrix mining; verification does not check matrix provenance · abstract; measurement and verification sections; conclusion
  6. CAttestable (2026). Pacing AI Requires Proof. Attestable blog. Source recordSupports: proposal to use proof-of-work accounting to bound unmonitored compute (provider-reported)
  7. BM. Ball et al. (2017). Proofs of Useful Work. IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2017/203. Source recordSupports: earlier PoUW for fine-grained complexity problems · abstract
  8. BA. Scher & L. Thiergart (2025). Mechanisms to Verify International Agreements About AI Development. arXiv. Source recordSupports: proof of work to confirm that compute declared as crypto mining is mining, as a way to verify known compute is not used for a large training run; R1 evidence · 'Proof-of-Work methods for crypto mining', in 'Verifying That Known Compute is Not Being Used for a Large Training Run'
  9. Cjoshc (2026). Can governments quickly and cheaply slow AI training?. AI Alignment Forum. Source recordSupports: independent analysis that the share of declared compute accounted for determines the residual budget for covert RL rollouts · §2.5; §4
  10. BN. Cankaya (2026). A System Overview for Near-Term, Low-Trust AI Compute Verification. Machine Intelligence Research Institute. Source recordSupports: memory filling with incompressible noise as a capacity check · §5.1.2
  11. AS. Dziembowski et al. (2015). Proofs of Space. CRYPTO 2015 (IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2013/796). Source recordSupports: proofs of space as the storage analogue of proofs of work · abstract

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